List Files and Directories

ls

The ls command is used to list the contents of a directory. It is probably the most commonly used Linux command. It can be used in a number of different ways.

Examples:-

Command	Result
ls	List the files and folders in the working directory
ls /etc	List the files and folders in the /etc directory
ls /dev	List the files and folders in the /dev directory
ls -l	List the files and folders with long details in the working directory
ls -l /etc /dev	List the files and folders with long details in /etc and /dev directory
ls -l /var/tmp	List the files and folders with long details in /var/tmp directory
ls -a	List  hidden files and folders also in working directory
ls -la	List of hidden files and folders also with long details

1. Open a terminal login as a normal user. Then type ls command in terminal you get like this out put
   
   
   It means there is no files and folders in your current working directory.
   
   
2. Type ls -la in your terminal
   
   
   
   In this picture
   .                               indicate your working directory
   ..                              indicate your parent directory
   .bash_history       indicate one hidden file or folder is there in your working directory that named .bash_history (which folder or file is started with . that file or folder do not display by default in linux. That means the file or folder is hidden)
   .bash_logout        is another hidden file or folder
   .bash_profile and .bashrc also tha hidden
   
   Some other things are displayed in this picture
   check the first line that is drwx------ . 2 user user 4096 Jan 15 22:49 .
   in this line first letter
   d                 Indicate this is a directory(Folder)
   rwx------       Indicate the permition of file or folder
   
   
3.